Automobile suspension spring is the most traditional elastic element in automobile suspension system, which is widely used because of its advantages of good reliability, simple structure, short manufacturing process, low cost and greatly simplified structure. Automobile suspension spring is also called automobile plate spring, automobile plate spring is generally composed of a number of pieces of alloy spring steel of different lengths to form a group of approximately equal strength spring beam.
In addition to the cushioning effect in the suspension system, when it is placed longitudinally in the car, and one end is connected with the frame as a fixed hinge, it can shoulder the transmission of all the forces and torque in all directions, as well as determine the trajectory of the wheel movement, and play a guiding role, so there is no need to set other guiding mechanism, in addition, the car plate spring is superimposed by multiple pieces, when the deformation under the load, Each piece has relative sliding and produces friction, produces a certain resistance, and promotes the vibration attenuation of the body, so this structure can be used without shock absorber.
However, the energy stored per unit weight of the plate spring is the lowest, because the utilization of some materials is the worst. Generally, multiple spring ε=60%, less spring ε=75%~85%. A lot of alloy steel is used, and its weight accounts for 8-9% of the car's own weight.
The shock absorber is mainly used to suppress the shock when the spring rebounds after absorbing the shock and the impact from the road surface. When passing through the uneven road surface, although the shock absorbing spring can filter the vibration of the road surface, the spring itself will also have reciprocating motion, and the shock absorber is used to inhibit this spring jumping. If the shock absorber is too soft, the body will jump up and down, and if the shock absorber is too hard, it will bring too much resistance, preventing the normal work of the spring.